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Home>Team Sports>Football>Football Formations
Last updated: Feb 09, 2023
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Just as there are many offensive formations in football, there are several different defensive formations that teams utilize. Two very similar yet ultimately unique defensive formations are the 4-3 defense and the 3-4 defense. Find all the information you need to know about these two formations below, including definitions and the difference between them.
Before we dive in and explain the difference, you'll want to familiarize yourself with the following football terms and concepts:
- Defense
- Line of scrimmage
- Defensive Line
- Defensive Linemen
- Linebacker
- Defensive Backfield
Table of Contents
- 4-3 Defense
- 3-4 Defense
- Similarities
- Differences
- FAQ
4-3 Defense
The 4-3 defense is a defensive scheme in which four linemen line up on the line of scrimmage with three linemen in formation behind them.This scheme is ideal for effecting a pass rush without utilizing a blitz. The 4-3 defense is also effective at taming an overwhelming offensive line. With four defensive linemen starting on the line, it is nearly impossible for the offense to double team them without risking a defensive end slipping past on the outside.
3-4 Defense
The 3-4 defense is a defensive scheme featuring three linemen on the line of scrimmage with four linebackers behind them. This scheme offers greater flexibility than the 4-3 defense, as a linebacker can more easily jump up to the line of scrimmage on the fly to serve as a lineman. The 3-4 defense is optimized for pass rushing, as the nose tackle covers both A gaps, allowing the four linebackers to simultaneously attempt to penetrate the defense and sack the quarterback.
Similarities
The 4-3 defense and the 3-4 defense are similar in that they both concentrate pressure in the middle of the field, ideally forcing the quarterback out of the pocket and shutting down the potential of a pass.Another similarity is that both defensive formations allow for a great deal of variation, allowing the defense the ability to provide pressure from the outside and inside, as well as from the blitz or from the line.
Differences
The difference between a 4-3 defense and a 3-4 defense is based on the number of defensive linemen and linebackers positioned on the field.The first number always refers to the number of defensive linemen positioned on the line of scrimmage. The second number refers to the number of linebackers, usually positioned directly behind the defensive line. In a 4-3 defense, there are four linemen and three linebackers. In a 3-4 defense, there are three linemen and four linebackers.
The 3-4 defense is more flexible for defending the pass and plays on the edge.This is because it’s easier to drop a linebacker into coverage than a defensive end. However, the 4-3 defense is generally better at stopping inside run playsbecause there are more defensive linemen in the game at once.
A defensive coordinator will likely choose their strategy based on their personnel and the opposing team’s schemes. If a team has four defensive linemen that are routinely successful at run-stopping and pass-rushing, they may opt to run a 4-3 more often than a 3-4. Similarly, if a team has more linebackers that are capable of shutting down runs and disrupting passing lanes, they may choose to run a 3-4 more often.
Additionally, if a team often faces a specific offensive scheme, such as the spread option in college football, they may employ a defensive strategy specifically designed to stop that scheme, such as the 3-3 Stack or 404 defensive schemes.
FAQ
What is a 4-3 defense?
A 4-3 defense is a defensive scheme in which there are four defensive linemen and three linebackers.A typical 4-3 defense will feature two defensive tackles and two defensive ends on the line. The three linebackers behind the linemen will be composed of one middle linebacker and two outside linebackers.
What is a 3-4 defense?
A 3-4 defense is a defensive formation that features three defensive linemen and four linebackers.The defensive line is typically made up of two defensive ends and one nose tackle in a 3-4 defense. The linebackers are split between two middle linebackers and two outside linebackers.
How many linebackers are there on a football defense?
Most football defensive formations have between two and four linebackers.The exact number of linebackers on a football team’s defense unit will depend on the specific scheme they are using. For example, the 4-3 defense has three linebackers and four defensive linemen. On the other hand, the 3-4 defense employs four linebackers and three defensive linemen. The 5-2 defense only uses two linebackers and five linemen since it is meant to stop running plays. Coaches adjust what defensive formation they use based on their team’s personnel, the opposing offense’s strategy, and in various game situations.
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