The unlawful suppression of any fact or circ*mstance by one of the parties to a contract from the other, which in justice ought to be made known.2 min read updated on February 01, 2023
CONCEALMENT
The unlawful suppression of any fact or circ*mstance by one of the partys to a contract from the other, which in justice ought to be made known.
Fraud
Fraud occurs when one person substantially misrepresents or conceals a material fact peculiarly within his own knowledge, in consequence of which a delusion exists; or uses a device naturally calculated to lull the suspicions of a careful man sp as to induce him to forego inquiry into a matter upon which the other party has information, although such information be not exclusively within his reach. The party is not bound, however, to disclose patent defects.
A distinction has been made between the concealment of latent defects in real and personal property. For example, the concealment by an agent that a nuisance existed in connexion with a house the owner had to hire, did not render the lease void. The rule with regard to personality is different.
Concealment in Insurance
In insurances where fairness is so essential to the contract, a concealment which is only the effect of accident, negligence, inadvertence or mistake, if material, is equally fatal to the contract as if it were intentional and fraudulent. The insured is required to disclose all the circ*mstances within his own knowledge only, which increase the risk. He is not, however, bound to disclose general circ*mstances which apply to all policies of a particular description, notwithstanding they may greatly increase the risk.
Under this rule, it has been decided that a policy is void, which was obtained by the concealment by the assured of the fact that he had heard that a vessel like his was taken. And in a case where the assured had information of a violent storm about eleven hours after his vessel had sailed, and had stated only that 'there had been blowing weather and severe storms on the coast after the vessel had sailed,' but without any reference to the particular storm it was decided that this was a concealment which vitiated the policy.
Fraudulent concealment avoids the contract.
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